Course Outline

Electromagnetism provides a complete description of electric and magnetic forces, which determine all interactions between charged objects. Much of the material world consists of charged particles and the combination of the range and strength of electric and magnetic forces means that these are the dominant interactions which govern our everyday experience. Maxwell's unified description of electric and magnetic forces and the link that he established between electromagnetic waves and light were the crowning glory of 19th century physics. Much of our understanding of the physical world and our abilities for manipulating it stemfrom the body of work which he synthesized.

Physics 311 offers detailed coverage of the key concepts and techniques of classical electromagnetism, leading up to Maxwell's equations and using the full tools of vector algebra and calculus. One goal of this course is to expose you to the fundamental concepts and mathematical techniques of this theory, which plays an important role in theoretical discussions in most subfields of physics. But electromagnetism is more than a mere theoretical endeavor; it enters into the majority of experiments in the physical sciences. The second goal of this course is to equip you with the theory which is crucial for understanding and managing experimental and applied aspects of the physical sciences.

The course will cover the following topics subject to minor modifications.

  1. Mathematical tools: vector algebra, calculus in three dimensions.
  2. Electrostatics, Coulomb's law, Gauss' law.
  3. Work and energy in electrostatics, electric potential, Poisson's equation, Laplace's equation.
  4. Multipoles.
  5. Magnetic fields and forces, Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law, magnetic vector potential.
  6. Induction, Faraday's law.
  7. Maxwell's equations.

Homework Assignments

Due: August 21, 2026 Homework 1
Due: August 25, 2026 Homework 2
Due: August 28, 2026 Homework 3
Due: September 1, 2026 Homework 4
Due: September 4, 2025 Homework 5
Due: September 8, 2026 Homework 6
Due: September 11, 2026 Homework 7
Due: September 15, 2026 Homework 8
Due: September 18, 2026 Homework 9
Due: September 22, 2026 Homework 10
Due: September 25, 2026 Homework 11
Due: September 29, 2026 Homework 12
Due: October 8, 2026 Homework 13
Due: October 13, 2026 Homework 14
Due: October 16, 2026 Homework 15
Due: October 20, 2026 Homework 16
Due: October 23, 2026 Homework 17
Due: October 27, 2026 Homework 18
Due: October 30, 2026 Homework 19
Due: November 3, 2026 Homework 20
Due: November 6, 2025 Homework 21
Due: November 11, 2026 Homework 22
Due: November 17, 2026 Homework 23
Due: November 20, 2026 Homework 24
Due: December 2, 2026 Homework 25

Exams

There will be two hour long exams during class on the following dates: Thursday, October 2, 2025 and Thursday, November 13, 2025. There will be a comprehensive final exam on Tuesday, December 9, 2025.

Exams and solutions from previous semesters.

Fall 2020 Class exam 1
Fall 2020 Class exam 1: Solutions
Fall 2020 Class exam 2
Fall 2020 Class exam 2: Solutions
Fall 2020 Final exam
Fall 2020 Final exam: Solutions
Fall 2025 Class exam 1
Fall 2025 Class exam 1: Solutions
Fall 2025 Class exam 2
Fall 2025 Class exam 2: Solutions
Fall 2025 Final exam
Fall 2025 Final exam: Solutions

Exams and solutions from this semester.

Solutions will be posted after each exam has been graded.

Fall 2026 Class exam 1
Fall 2026 Class exam 1: Solutions
Fall 2026 Class exam 2
Fall 2026 Class exam 2: Solutions

Supplementary Reading

There are many additional texts which are potentially suitable for this course. The following is a selection.

  1. Electromagnetism
    1. R. P. Feynman, R. B. Leighton and M. Sands, Lectures on Physics, Vol II, Addison-Wesley (1965).

      Pitched somewhere between a sophomore and junior level text, this is still a classic. Feynman was renowned for his unique approaches at explaining physics.

    2. P. Lorrain, D. R. Corson and F. Lorrain, Fundamentals of Electromagnetic Phenomena, Freeman (2000).

      Another standard undergraduate level text.

    3. R. K. Wangsness, Electromagnetic Fields, Wiley (1986).

      Similar to other undergraduate electromagnetism texts but includes a chapter on waveguides.

    4. L. Eyges, The Classical Electromagnetic Field, Dover (1972).

      More of an introductory graduate level text but sections are still accessible to an undergraduate audience. This is generally an excellent text.

    5. A. Zangwill, Modern Electrodynamics, Cambridge University Press(2012).

      Excellent graduate-level text.

    6. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, John Wiley (1998).

      The default graduate level text, probably more as a result of its scope than its explanatory qualities. Encyclopedic but frequently confusing coverage of everything to do with electromagnetism. Tortuous problems.

Links and Animations

  1. Reference Sources
    1. Physlink Reference information and data, including decimal system notation, physical constants, math constants, astro-physical constants, etc,....
    2. Eric Weinstein's World of Physics Encyclopedia of Physics maintained by Wolfram Research. Entries at a variety of technical levels.
    3. Periodic Table of Elements WebElements site.
    4. NIST Databases Administered by the National Institute for Standards and Technology. The final word in physical data. Intended for professionals.
  2. Animations
    1. PhET. From the University of Colorado.
    2. oPhysics Physics simulations provided by Tom Walsh.
    3. LTU Applets. Collection of simulations provided by Scott Schneider, Lawrence Technological University.
    4. Animations for Physics and Astronomy. Collection of simulations from Dr. Michael R. Gallis, Penn State University, Schuylkill. Youtube channel
    5. Physclips. Collection of simulations from the University of New South Wales, Australia.
  3. Electrostatics
    1. Electric Field Hockey. PhET simulation from the University of Colorado.
    2. Charges and Fields. PhET simulation from the University of Colorado.
    3. Capacitor Lab. PhET simulation from the University of Colorado.
    4. Quantum Information Processing. From the University of Innsbruck.
    5. Trapped Ion Quantum Information. From Chris Monroe's group, Duke University.
    6. Ion Trap Quantum Computing. University of Oxford group.
    7. Mechanical Saddle Demonstration. Demonstration of the Paul trap.
  4. Magnetic Fields
    1. Magnets and Electromagnets. PhET simulation from the University of Colorado.
    2. Charged Particles in Magnetic Fields. From the Penn State University, Schuylkill.